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Nioche on Provisional Orders in European PIL

July 24, 2012/in /by Gilles Cuniberti
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Marie Nioche, who lectures at Nanterre University and practices at Castaldi Mourre, has published La décision provisoire en droit international privé.

The book, which is based on the doctorate of Dr. Nioche, explores the legal regime of provisional orders in civil and commercial matters in European private international law. 

One essential idea that it advances is that the language of the Brussels I Regulation and of many scholars is misleading. Article 31 refers to provisional measures. Dr. Nioche’s claim is that it is critical to distinguish between provisional orders and provisional measures. Orders are court decisions and judicial in nature. Measures are carried out by other state officials, often after a court gave its leave by issuing a provisional order.  They do not raise comparable issues. For instance, while it is correct to wonder whether measures could be extra-territorial (state officials carrying them ought to remain on the territory of their state), there is no reason to challenge the recognition of court orders.  Conceptual clarity would help asking the right questions.

Another goal of the book is to challenge the idea that provisonal orders are so peculiar that they should not be able to circulate in Europe as any other judgments. Dr. Nioche offers a thorough analysis of the concept of provisional order and demonstrates that it shares all the features of judicial decisions, and should thus be treated likewise. 

These are only a couple of ideas developed by the book. A full table of contents is available here. The French abstract reads:

Les difficultés rencontrées pour définir le régime applicable au contentieux provisoire dans le cadre du Règlement n°44/2001 ont pour origine le caractère hétéroclite de la catégorie « mesures provisoires et conservatoires ». L’unité de la catégorie peut néanmoins être atteinte en changeant de perspective. L’auteur propose une distinction transversale entre la « décision provisoire » et les mesures qu’elle ordonne. La notion de « décision provisoire », dont le caractère juridictionnel – et « décisionnel » au sens du Règlement – est démontré, constitue une catégorie de droit international privé plus homogène et plus pertinente.

Ce travail de définition et de qualification clarifie l’ensemble des questions qui se posent en matière de contentieux provisoire européen. Internationalement compétent, le juge du fond doit pouvoir prononcer l’ensemble des décisions provisoires, quel que soit le lieu où elles ont vocation à produire leurs effets. Toutefois, certaines d’entre elles – que l’auteur propose d’appeler les décisions provisoires per partes – produisent leurs effets hors du territoire du for plus facilement et plus vite que d’autres – que l’auteur nomme les décisions provisoires per officium. Génératrice de forum shopping et de conflits de procédures et de décisions, la compétence locale d’un juge d’appoint, fondée sur l’article 31 du Règlement, doit être essentiellement limitée aux décisions provisoires per officium.

L’ouvrage intègre les derniers développements relatifs au contentieux provisoire européen, en particulier la Proposition de révision du Règlement n°44/2001 du 14 décembre 2010 et la Proposition de règlement portant création d’une ordonnance européenne de saisie conservatoire des comptes bancaires du 25 juillet 2011.

More details can be found here.

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https://conflictoflaws.net/News/2020/08/CoL_Banner-1.png 0 0 Gilles Cuniberti https://conflictoflaws.net/News/2020/08/CoL_Banner-1.png Gilles Cuniberti2012-07-24 07:06:022012-07-26 08:27:11Nioche on Provisional Orders in European PIL

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